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A new Commission directive requires cement manufacturers across the EU to reduce particulate emissions by 40 % within six years. Industry representatives contend that achieving this target will require retrofitting existing kilns with filtration technology that has so far only been tested at pilot scale. They conclude that the directive, as written, will force several mid-sized manufacturers to close rather than invest in unproven equipment.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the industry representatives' argument depends?
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Explicação
Negation test applied: if alternative compliance pathways CAN achieve the required reduction within six years, manufacturers need not rely on the unproven filtration technology, and the conclusion that closure is the only option fails. The argument assumes no such alternatives exist. Choice A concerns process, not logical necessity. Choice C, even if true, does not affect the conclusion about mid-sized firms. Choice D, if true, would actually undermine rather than support the argument. Choice E introduces competitive context irrelevant to the closure conclusion.